? ? 專升本英語寫作技巧：簡潔

? ? 一篇好的作文首先且重要的一點(diǎn)就是簡潔。

? ? 一般來說，只有在進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)或修飾、美化句子時(shí)，才能使用重復(fù)的單詞、語音和短語。修改文章，就是要?jiǎng)h繁就簡。比較下面這對(duì)句子，注意體會(huì)二者的差別及效果。

? ? 1) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by means of a big boat.

　　2) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by boat.

　　"by"就是"by means of boat"。

? ? 請(qǐng)看下列例句

? ? ? ?Wordy: It makes me feel painful to think that she has to work 12 hours a day and seven days a week.

　　Better: It pains me to think that she has to work 12 hours a day and seven days a week.

　　Wordy: It will be our aim to ensure proper health care for each and every one of the Chinese people.

　　Better: Our aim is to ensure proper health care for all Chinese.

　　Wordy: This book will help you master the basic elements of good writing.

　　Better: This book will help you master the basics of good writing.

　　Wordy: The search of the forest that they conducted was entirely complete.

　　Better: The search of the forest was complete.

　　或They conducted a complete search of the forest.

　　第二個(gè)句子合乎漢語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，即他們對(duì)森林進(jìn)行了徹底的搜查。

? ? Wordy: He has no sense of principles, whether he is in public or in private.

　　Better: He has no principles, public or private.

　　Wordy: Whenever anyone telephoned her to ask her for help with their homework she always obliged right away.

　　Better: She immediately obliged anyone who telephoned for help with homework.

　　Wordy: In a cautious manner the car went around the corner.?

　　Better: The car negotiated the corner.

　　Wordy: If the government agency finds that an individual has received a payment to which the individual was not entitled, whether or not the payment was due to the individual’s fault or misrepresentation, the individual shall be liable to repay to the government the total sum of the payment to which the individual was not entitled.

　　Better: If the government agency finds that you received a payment that you weren’t entitled to, you must pay the entire sum back.

　　Wordy: Another important aspect is good health. It is one of our great blessings. It may be achieved through proper diet and exercise. Rest is also? desirable.

　　Better: The great blessing of good health may be had through proper diet, exercise, and rest.

　　詞語簡化的一些技巧

　　策略之一：用介詞短語替代從句。

　　例:

　　Wordy: While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.

　　Better: During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning.

　　Wordy: When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.

　　Better: At the second traffic light turn left.

　? 策略之二：刪除諸如"who is”或"that is"之類的關(guān)系代詞，變從句為短語。

　　例:

　　Wordy: The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.

　　Better: The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.

　　注：把句中的”three parts”改用形容詞來表達(dá)，節(jié)省了四個(gè)不必要的單詞”which is written in”。我們經(jīng)?？梢詫㈥P(guān)系代詞如”that”去掉，這只會(huì)引起最少的變動(dòng)。

　　策略之三：表達(dá)否定意義時(shí)，盡量避免使用否定詞。英語中很多詞不用 "no’s" 或者"not’s"也能表達(dá)否定含義的詞匯，你盡可以采取更為委婉的表達(dá)方式。

　　例：

　　Thus college students who do not have sufficient financial backing ,

　也就是 college students who lacks sufficient financial backing。

　　如果你不想使用太多的否定詞，就應(yīng)該盡量避免使用它們。

　 策略之四：剔除你不需要的單詞

　　"Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call. "

　　寫完這樣的句子后，你自己再讀一遍，挑出單詞”joint”和”telephone”，注意刪去不必要的詞。

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